What is diphosphorus trisulfide?

Diphosphorus Trisulfide

Diphosphorus trisulfide has the formula P₂S₃. It is a yellow solid and is one of the two commercially produced phosphorus sulfides, the other being phosphorus pentasulfide.

• Properties: Diphosphorus trisulfide is a yellow-green solid, often found in crystalline form. It melts at around 310 °C and is soluble in carbon disulfide. In moist air, it hydrolyzes, releasing hydrogen sulfide.
• Production: P₂S₃ is produced by heating a mixture of red phosphorus and sulfur. The reaction is exothermic and must be carefully controlled.
• Uses: Its main use is in the production of strike-anywhere matches, where it serves as a source of both phosphorus and sulfur. It is also used in the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds.
• Reactivity: Diphosphorus trisulfide is highly flammable and reacts readily with water, alcohols, and amines. It forms phosphorus oxides and sulfur dioxide upon burning. It is less reactive than white phosphorus.
• Safety: P₂S₃ is toxic and can cause skin and respiratory irritation. It should be handled with care in a well-ventilated area. Contact with moisture should be avoided to prevent the release of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas.